Loughran, J., Mulhall, P., & Berry, A. (2004). In search of pedagogical content knowledge in science: Developing ways of articulating and documenting professional practice. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 41(4), 370\u2013391.<\/p>\n
<\/a><\/p>\n Aydeniz, M., & Kotowski, E. L. (2012). What do middle and high school students know about the particulate nature of matter after instruction? Implications for practice. School Science and Mathematics<\/em>, 112<\/em>(2), 59\u201365.<\/p>\n Beerenwinkel, A., Parchmann, I., & Gr\u00e4sel, C. (2011). Conceptual change texts in chemistry teaching: a study on the particle model of matter. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education<\/em>, 9<\/em>(5), 1235\u20131259.<\/p>\n Benson, D. L., Wittrock, M. C., & Baur, M. E. (1993). Students\u2019 preconceptions of the nature of gases. Journal of Research in Science Teaching<\/em>, 30<\/em>(6), 587\u2013597.<\/p>\n Durmu\u015f, J., & Bayraktar, \u015e. (2010). Effects of conceptual change texts and laboratory experiments on fourth grade students\u2019 understanding of matter and change concepts. Journal of Science Education and Technology<\/em>, 19<\/em>(5), 498\u2013504.<\/p>\n Herrmann-Abell, C. F., & DeBoer, G. E. (2011). Using distractor-driven standards-based multiple-choice assessments and Rasch modeling to investigate hierarchies of chemistry misconceptions and detect structural problems with individual items. Chemistry Education Research and Practice<\/em>, 12<\/em>(2), 184\u2013192.<\/p>\n Lee, O., Eichinger, D. C., Anderson, C. W., Berkheimer, G. D., & Blakeslee, T. D. (1993). Changing middle school students\u2019 conceptions of matter and molecules. Journal of Research in Science Teaching<\/em>, 30<\/em>(3), 249\u2013270.<\/p>\n Nakhleh, M. B., & Samarapungavan, A. (1999). Elementary school children\u2019s beliefs about matter. Journal of Research in Science Teaching<\/em>, 36<\/em>(7), 777\u2013805.<\/p>\n Novick, S., & Nussbaum, J. (1978). Junior high school pupils\u2019 understanding of the particulate nature of matter: An interview study. Science Education<\/em>, 62<\/em>(3), 273\u2013281.<\/p>\n Novick, S., & Nussbaum, J. (1981). Pupils\u2019 understanding of the particulate nature of matter::\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/sce.3730650209<\/p>\n Osborne, R. J., & Cosgrove, M. M. (1983). Children\u2019s conceptions of the changes of state of water. Journal of Research in Science Teaching<\/em>, 20<\/em>(9), 825\u2013838.<\/p>\n \u00d6zmen, H. (2011). Effect of animation enhanced conceptual change texts on 6th grade students\u2019 understanding of the particulate nature of matter and transformation during phase changes. Computers & Education<\/em>, 57<\/em>(1), 1114\u20131126.<\/p>\n \u00d6zmen, H., & Kenan, O. (2007). Determination of the Turkish primary students\u2019 views about the particulate nature of matter. In Asia-Pacific Forum on Science Learning and Teaching<\/em> (Vol. 8, pp. 1\u201315). Hong Kong Institute of Education. 10 Lo Ping Road, Tai Po, New Territories, Hong Kong. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.ied.edu.hk\/apfslt\/download\/v8_issue1_files\/ozmen.pdf<\/p>\n Renstr\u00f6m, L., Andersson, B., & Marton, F. (1990). Students\u2019 conceptions of matter. Journal of Educational Psychology<\/em>, 82<\/em>(3), 555\u2013569.<\/p>\n Russell, T., Harlen, W., & Watt, D. (1989). Children\u2019s ideas about evaporation. International Journal of Science Education<\/em>, 11<\/em>(5), 566\u2013576.<\/p>\n S\u00e9r\u00e9, M. (1986). Children\u2019s conceptions of the gaseous state, prior to teaching. European Journal of Science Education<\/em>, 8<\/em>(4), 413\u2013425.<\/p>\n Stavy, R. (1990a). Children\u2019s conception of changes in the state of matter: From liquid (or solid) to gas. Journal of Research in Science Teaching<\/em>, 27<\/em>(3), 247\u2013266.<\/p>\n Stavy, R. (1990b). Pupils\u2019 problems in understanding conservation of matter. International Journal of Science Education<\/em>, 12<\/em>(5), 501\u2013512.<\/p>\n Tsai, C.-C. (1999). Overcoming junior high school students\u2019 misconceptions about microscopic views of phase change: A study of an analogy activity. Journal of Science Education and Technology<\/em>, 8<\/em>(1), 83\u201391.<\/p>\n Tytler, R. (2000). A comparison of year 1 and year 6 students’ conceptions of evaporation and condensation: dimensions of conceptual progression. International Journal of Science Education<\/em>, 22<\/em>(5), 447\u2013467.<\/p>\n <\/a><\/p>\n Aydeniz, M., & Kotowski, E. L. (2012). What do middle and high school students know about the particulate nature of matter after instruction? Implications for practice. School Science and Mathematics<\/em>, 112<\/em>(2), 59\u201365.<\/p>\n Benson, D. L., Wittrock, M. C., & Baur, M. E. (1993). Students\u2019 preconceptions of the nature of gases. Journal of Research in Science Teaching<\/em>, 30<\/em>(6), 587\u2013597.<\/p>\n Lee, O., Eichinger, D. C., Anderson, C. W., Berkheimer, G. D., & Blakeslee, T. D. (1993). Changing middle school students\u2019 conceptions of matter and molecules. Journal of Research in Science Teaching<\/em>, 30<\/em>(3), 249\u2013270.<\/p>\n Loughran, J., Mulhall, P., & Berry, A. (2004). In search of pedagogical content knowledge in science: Developing ways of articulating and documenting professional practice. Journal of Research in Science Teaching<\/em>, 41<\/em>(4), 370\u2013391.<\/p>\n Nakhleh, M. B., & Samarapungavan, A. (1999). Elementary school children\u2019s beliefs about matter. Journal of Research in Science Teaching<\/em>, 36<\/em>(7), 777\u2013805.<\/p>\n Osborne, R. J., & Cosgrove, M. M. (1983). Children\u2019s conceptions of the changes of state of water. Journal of Research in Science Teaching<\/em>, 20<\/em>(9), 825\u2013838.<\/p>\n \u00d6zmen, H. (2011). Effect of animation enhanced conceptual change texts on 6th grade students\u2019 understanding of the particulate nature of matter and transformation during phase changes. Computers & Education<\/em>, 57<\/em>(1), 1114\u20131126.<\/p>\n \u00d6zmen, H., & Kenan, O. (2007). Determination of the Turkish primary students\u2019 views about the particulate nature of matter. In Asia-Pacific Forum on Science Learning and Teaching<\/em> (Vol. 8, pp. 1\u201315). Hong Kong Institute of Education. 10 Lo Ping Road, Tai Po, New Territories, Hong Kong. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.ied.edu.hk\/apfslt\/download\/v8_issue1_files\/ozmen.pdf<\/p>\n Prain, V., Tytler, R., & Peterson, S. (2009). Multiple representation in learning about evaporation. International Journal of Science Education<\/em>, 31<\/em>(6), 787\u2013808.<\/p>\n Renstr\u00f6m, L., Andersson, B., & Marton, F. (1990). Students\u2019 conceptions of matter. Journal of Educational Psychology<\/em>, 82<\/em>(3), 555\u2013569.<\/p>\n Russell, T., Harlen, W., & Watt, D. (1989). Children\u2019s ideas about evaporation. International Journal of Science Education<\/em>, 11<\/em>(5), 566\u2013576.<\/p>\n S\u00e9r\u00e9, M. (1986). Children\u2019s conceptions of the gaseous state, prior to teaching. European Journal of Science Education<\/em>, 8<\/em>(4), 413\u2013425.<\/p>\n Tsai, C.-C. (1999). Overcoming junior high school students\u2019 misconceptions about microscopic views of phase change: A study of an analogy activity. Journal of Science Education and Technology<\/em>, 8<\/em>(1), 83\u201391.<\/p>\n Tytler, D. R., & Peterson, S. (2000). Deconstructing learning in science\u2014Young children\u2019s responses to a classroom sequence on evaporation. Research in Science Education<\/em>, 30<\/em>(4), 339\u2013355.<\/p>\n Tytler, R., Prain, V., & Peterson, S. (2007). Representational issues in students learning about evaporation. Research in Science Education<\/em>, 37<\/em>(3), 313\u2013331.<\/p>\n <\/a><\/p>\n Beerenwinkel, A., Parchmann, I., & Gr\u00e4sel, C. (2011). Conceptual change texts in chemistry teaching: a study on the particle model of matter. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education<\/em>, 9<\/em>(5), 1235\u20131259.<\/p>\n Benson, D. L., Wittrock, M. C., & Baur, M. E. (1993). Students\u2019 preconceptions of the nature of gases. Journal of Research in Science Teaching<\/em>, 30<\/em>(6), 587\u2013597.<\/p>\n Khourey-Bowers, C. (2009). Big Ideas at a Very Small Scale. Science Scope<\/em>, 33<\/em>(4), 26.<\/p>\n Lee, O., Eichinger, D. C., Anderson, C. W., Berkheimer, G. D., & Blakeslee, T. D. (1993). Changing middle school students\u2019 conceptions of matter and molecules. Journal of Research in Science Teaching<\/em>, 30<\/em>(3), 249\u2013270.<\/p>\n Nakhleh, M. B., & Samarapungavan, A. (1999). Elementary school children\u2019s beliefs about matter. Journal of Research in Science Teaching<\/em>, 36<\/em>(7), 777\u2013805.<\/p>\n Nakhleh, M. B., Samarapungavan, A., & Saglam, Y. (2005). Middle school students\u2019 beliefs about matter. Journal of Research in Science Teaching<\/em>, 42<\/em>(5), 581\u2013612.<\/p>\n Novick, S., & Nussbaum, J. (1978). Junior high school pupils\u2019 understanding of the particulate nature of matter: An interview study. Science Education<\/em>, 62<\/em>(3), 273\u2013281.<\/p>\n Novick, S., & Nussbaum, J. (1981). Pupils\u2019 understanding of the particulate nature of matter: A cross-age study. Science Education<\/em>, 65<\/em>(2), 187\u2013196.<\/p>\n Peters, E. (2006). Building student mental constructs of particle theory. Science Scope<\/em>, 30<\/em>(2), 53.<\/p>\n Renstr\u00f6m, L., Anderson, B., & Maron, F. (1990). Students\u2019 conceptions of matter. Journal of Educational Psychology<\/em>, 82<\/em>(3), 555-569.<\/p>\n <\/a><\/p>\n Abraham, M. R., Grzybowski, E. B., Renner, J. W., & Marek, E. A. (1992). Understandings and misunderstandings of eighth graders of five chemistry concepts found in textbooks. Journal of Research in Science Teaching<\/em>, 29<\/em>(2), 105\u2013120.<\/p>\n Abraham, M. R., Williamson, V. M., & Westbrook, S. L. (1994). A cross-age study of the understanding of five chemistry concepts. Journal of Research in Science Teaching<\/em>, 31<\/em>(2), 147\u2013165.<\/p>\n \u00c7alik, M., & Ayas, A. (2005). A comparison of level of understanding of eighth-grade students and science student teachers related to selected chemistry concepts. Journal of Research in Science Teaching<\/em>, 42<\/em>(6), 638\u2013667.<\/p>\n Johnson, P. (1998). Progression in children\u2019s understanding of a \u201cbasic\u201d particle theory: a longitudinal study. International Journal of Science Education<\/em>, 20<\/em>(4), 393\u2013412.<\/p>\n Lee, O., Eichinger, D. C., Anderson, C. W., Berkheimer, G. D., & Blakeslee, T. D. (1993). Changing middle school students\u2019 conceptions of matter and molecules. Journal of Research in Science Teaching<\/em>, 30<\/em>(3), 249\u2013270.<\/p>\n Liu, X., & Lesniak, K. (2006). Progression in children\u2019s understanding of the matter concept from elementary to high school. Journal of Research in Science Teaching<\/em>, 43<\/em>(3), 320\u2013347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/tea.20114<\/p>\n Longden, K., Black, P., & Solomon, J. (1991). Children\u2019s interpretation of dissolving. International Journal of Science Education<\/em>, 13<\/em>(1), 59\u201368.<\/p>\n Nakhleh, M. B., & Samarapungavan, A. (1999). Elementary school children\u2019s beliefs about matter. Journal of Research in Science Teaching<\/em>, 36<\/em>(7), 777\u2013805.<\/p>\n Nakhleh, M. B., Samarapungavan, A., & Saglam, Y. (2005). Middle school students\u2019 beliefs about matter. Journal of Research in Science Teaching<\/em>, 42<\/em>(5), 581\u2013612.<\/p>\n Papageorgiou, G., & Johnson, P. (2005). Do particle ideas help or hinder pupils\u2019 understanding of phenomena? International Journal of Science Education<\/em>, 27<\/em>(11), 1299\u20131317.<\/p>\n Renstr\u00f6m, L., Anderson, B., & Maron, F. (1990). Students\u2019 conceptions of matter. Journal of Educational<\/em>, 82<\/em>(3), 555.<\/p>\n Stavy, R. (1990). Children\u2019s conception of changes in the state of matter: From liquid (or solid) to gas. Journal of Research in Science Teaching<\/em>, 27<\/em>(3), 247\u2013266.<\/p>\n <\/a><\/p>\n Aydeniz, M., & Kotowski, E. L. (2012). What do middle and high school students know about the particulate nature of matter after instruction? Implications for practice. School Science and Mathematics<\/em>, 112<\/em>(2), 59\u201365.<\/p>\n Benson, D. L., Wittrock, M. C., & Baur, M. E. (1993). Students\u2019 preconceptions of the nature of gases. Journal of Research in Science Teaching<\/em>, 30<\/em>(6), 587\u2013597.<\/p>\n Hokayem, H., & Schwarz, C. (2013). Engaging 5th graders in scientific modeling to learn about evaporation and condensation. International<\/em> Journal of Science and Mathematics Education<\/em>, (1) 1-24.<\/p>\n Lee, O., Eichinger, D. C., Anderson, C. W., Berkheimer, G. D., & Blakeslee, T. D. (1993). Changing middle school students\u2019 conceptions of matter and molecules. Journal of Research in Science Teaching<\/em>, 30<\/em>(3), 249\u2013270.<\/p>\n Nakhleh, M. B., & Samarapungavan, A. (1999). Elementary school children\u2019s beliefs about matter. Journal of Research in Science Teaching<\/em>, 36<\/em>(7), 777\u2013805.<\/p>\n Nakhleh, M. B., Samarapungavan, A., & Saglam, Y. (2005). Middle school students\u2019 beliefs about matter. Journal of Research in Science Teaching<\/em>, 42<\/em>(5), 581\u2013612.<\/p>\n Osborne, R. J., & Cosgrove, M. M. (1983). Children\u2019s conceptions of the changes of state of water. Journal of Research in Science Teaching<\/em>, 20<\/em>(9), 825\u2013838.<\/p>\n \u00d6zmen, H. (2011). Effect of animation enhanced conceptual change texts on 6th grade students\u2019 understanding of the particulate nature of matter and transformation during phase changes. Computers & Education<\/em>, 57<\/em>(1), 1114\u20131126.<\/p>\n \u00d6zmen, H., & Kenan, O. (2007). Determination of the Turkish primary students\u2019 views about the particulate nature of matter. In Asia-Pacific Forum on Science Learning and Teaching<\/em> (Vol. 8, pp. 1\u201315). Hong Kong Institute of Education. 10 Lo Ping Road, Tai Po, New Territories, Hong Kong. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.ied.edu.hk\/apfslt\/download\/v8_issue1_files\/ozmen.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n Paik, S.-H., Kim, H.-N., Cho, B.-K., & Park, J.-W. (2004). K-8th grade Korean students\u2019 conceptions of \u201cchanges of state\u201dand \u201cconditions for changes of state.\u201d International Journal of Science Education<\/em>, 26<\/em>(2), 207\u2013224.<\/p>\n Papageorgiou, G., & Johnson, P. (2005). Do particle ideas help or hinder pupils\u2019 understanding of phenomena? International Journal of Science Education<\/em>, 27<\/em>(11), 1299\u20131317.<\/p>\n Prain, V., Tytler, R., & Peterson, S. (2009). Multiple representation in learning about evaporation. International Journal of Science Education<\/em>, 31<\/em>(6), 787\u2013808.<\/p>\n Renstr\u00f6m, L., Andersson, B., & Marton, F. (1990). Students\u2019 conceptions of matter. Journal of Educational Psychology<\/em>, 82<\/em>(3), 555\u2013569.<\/p>\n Russell, T., Harlen, W., & Watt, D. (1989). Children\u2019s ideas about evaporation. International Journal of Science Education<\/em>, 11<\/em>(5), 566\u2013576.<\/p>\n S\u00e9r\u00e9, M. (1986). Children\u2019s conceptions of the gaseous state, prior to teaching. European Journal of Science Education<\/em>, 8<\/em>(4), 413\u2013425.<\/p>\n Tsai, C.-C. (1999). Overcoming Junior High School Students\u2019 Misconceptions about Microscopic Views of Phase Change: A Study of an Analogy Activity. Journal of Science Education and Technology<\/em>, 8<\/em>(1), 83\u201391.<\/p>\n Tytler, D. R., & Peterson, S. (2000). Deconstructing learning in science\u2014Young children\u2019s responses to a classroom sequence on evaporation. Research in Science Education<\/em>, 30<\/em>(4), 339\u2013355.<\/p>\n Tytler, R. (2000). A comparison of year 1 and year 6 students' conceptions of evaporation and condensation: dimensions of conceptual progression. International Journal of Science Education<\/em>, 22<\/em>(5), 447\u2013467.<\/p>\n <\/a><\/p>\n Benson, D. L., Wittrock, M. C., & Baur, M. E. (1993). Students\u2019 preconceptions of the nature of gases. Journal of Research in Science Teaching<\/em>, 30<\/em>(6), 587\u2013597.<\/p>\n Durmu\u015f, J., & Bayraktar, \u015e. (2010). Effects of Conceptual Change Texts and Laboratory Experiments on Fourth Grade Students\u2019 Understanding of Matter and Change Concepts. Journal of Science Education and Technology<\/em>, 19<\/em>(5), 498\u2013504.<\/p>\n G\u00f3mez, Benarroch, A., & Mar\u00edn, N. (2006). Evaluation of the degree of coherence found in students\u2019 conceptions concerning the particulate nature of matter. Journal of Research in Science Teaching<\/em>, 43<\/em>(6), 577\u2013598.<\/p>\n Loughran, J., Mulhall, P., & Berry, A. (2004). In Search of Pedagogical Content Knowledge in Science: Developing Ways of Articulating and Documenting Professional Practice. Journal of Research in Science Teaching<\/em>, 41<\/em>(4), 370\u2013391.<\/p>\n Merritt, J. D., Krajcik, J., & Shwartz, Y. (2008). Development of a learning progression for the particle model of matter. In Proceedings of the 8th international conference on International conference for the learning sciences-Volume 2<\/em> (pp. 75\u201381). International Society of the Learning Sciences. Retrieved from http:\/\/dl.acm.org\/citation.cfm?id=1599881<\/p>\n Merritt, J., & Krajcik, J. (2013). Learning progression developed to support students in building a particle model of matter. In G. Tsaparlis & H. Sevian (Eds.), Concepts of matter in science education<\/em> (pp. 11\u201345). Dordrecht: Springer. Retrieved from http:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-94-007-5914-5_2<\/p>\n S\u00e9r\u00e9, M. (1986). Children\u2019s conceptions of the gaseous state, prior to teaching. European Journal of Science Education<\/em>, 8<\/em>(4), 413\u2013425.<\/p>\n Stavy, R. (1988). Children\u2019s conception of gas. International Journal of Science Education<\/em>, 10<\/em>(5), 553\u2013560.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Loughran, J., Mulhall, P., & Berry, A. (2004). In search of pedagogical content knowledge in science: Developing ways of articulating and documenting professional practice. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 41(4), 370\u2013391. What happens to the weight of an ice cube when it melts? Aydeniz, M., & Kotowski, E. L. (2012). What do middle and Read the full article…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-426","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.horizon-research.com\/ASSET\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/426","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.horizon-research.com\/ASSET\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.horizon-research.com\/ASSET\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.horizon-research.com\/ASSET\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.horizon-research.com\/ASSET\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=426"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.horizon-research.com\/ASSET\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/426\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2735,"href":"https:\/\/www.horizon-research.com\/ASSET\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/426\/revisions\/2735"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.horizon-research.com\/ASSET\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=426"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}What happens to the weight of an ice cube when it melts?<\/h3>\n
What happens to the water in a puddle?<\/h3>\n
What happens when you mix water and alcohol?<\/h3>\n
What happens when you stir salt into a glass of water?<\/h3>\n
Why is there liquid on the outside of my cold drink glass?<\/h3>\n
How can I smell something from across the room?<\/h3>\n